Neuropathic pain usually does not have effective treatment, because of heterogeneous etiology and complex underlying pathophysiology, moreover, the unwanted side effect profiles limit the use of available drugs ( 7- 9). The most causes of chronic neuropathic pain are metabolic disease, viral, trauma, severe ischemic insults, and autoimmune diseases ( 4- 6). It may be classified as central or peripheral, depending on the site of the lesion. The definition of chronic neuropathic pain is “pain that comes from direct consequence of a lesion or disease which affect the somatosensory system” ( 3). It may outlast the usual duration of recovery, if accompanied with a disease or injury ( 1, 2). Chronic pain, in contrast, may be considered as a disease state. Acute pain is a useful biologic purpose and self-limiting in nature that arises in response to a specific injury. Pain, an unpleasant sensation and emotional experience that in our daily life, is an alert of tissue injury to prevent further or impending tissue damage ( 1). In conclusion, this review suggests that some herbal plants can be suitable candidates for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Furthermore, the most pathways which are known to be involved in pain relief by means of herbal remedies are anti-oxidant activity, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective and calcium inhibitory actions. The more common plants which are used for the treatment of neuropathic pain are included as: Acorus calamus, Artemisia dracunculus, Butea monosperma, Citrullus colocynthis, Curcuma longa, Crocus sativus, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Ginkgo biloba, Mitragyna speciosa, Momordica charantia, Nigella sativa, Ocimum sanctum, Phyllanthus amarus, Pterodon pubescens Benth, Rubia cordifolia and Salvia officinalis. Moreover, the possible involved mechanisms for the protective effects are discussed. In this review, the beneficial effects of each plant in different neuropathic pain model, either in animals or in patients are reported. Therefore, we performed an extensive review about herbal drugs and plants that exhibited protective effects on neuropathic pain. Nowadays, more attention has been focused on the herbal formulation in the field of drug discovery. Despite the large number of available drugs, there are no curative conventional treatments for neuropathic pain.
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Chronic neuropathic pain is a common significant and debilitating problem that presents a major challenge to health-care.